113.8.8(四)Jeudi 8 août 2024
113年8月6日(二)閱讀聯合報聯合新聞網「國土計畫法
淪俄羅斯輪盤」，引起對國土計畫法的重視與興趣；國土計畫法，2015底完成立法，明年2025年4月30日將正式上路，攸關全國土地權大計，覺得有必要深入了解，因此下載了國土計畫法中英全文，並自製剪報筆記本，以期有系列的研究及瞭解。
https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0070230中文版
https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0070230英文版
Spatial Planning Act
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Act specifically establishes
guidelines concerning measures to be taken to cope with climate change, assure
land use safety, conserve the natural environment and cultural assets, promote
the reasonable allocation of resources and industries, strengthen land
consolidation and management mechanisms, and restore sensitive areas and
damaged land in pursuit sustainable development.
Article 2
The competent authority referred to in this
Act shall be the Ministry of the Interior at the national level, the municipality
government at the municipality level and the county (city) government at the
county (city) level.
Article 3
The following terms, used in this Act,
shall be defined as follows.
1.Spatial plan: establishment of spatial
development plan to set guidelines for the conservation and utilization of
resources on the land and in marine under the jurisdiction of the ROC
government, to achieve the sustainable development goal.
2.National spatial plan: a plan established
with specific objectives and consistent with relevant policies, concerning the
land use throughout the country.
3.Municipality or county (city) spatial
plan: a plan established for the development and control of land and marine
under the jurisdiction of a municipality or county (city) government.
4.Metropolitan area: an area that consists
of one or more central cities as the core and municipalities, counties (cities)
and townships (towns, cities and districts) that are socially and economically
associated closely with the core.
5.Specific area: an area designated by the
central competent authority as having particular natural, economic, cultural
significance or other properties.
6.Sectoral spatial development strategy: a
development strategy that has been established by the competent authority after
consultation with the relevant authorities.
7.Functional zone: demarcation of
environmental conservation zones, marine resource zones, agricultural
development zones and urban-rural development zones consistent with the
characteristics of land resources to facilitate conservation, utilization and
management of the land.
8.Growth management: management policies
and measures established to promote land use effectively, ensure sustainable
development, improve environmental quality and protect social justice, by
taking into account the carrying capacity of the environment, public facility
service standards and financial burden, user rights and obligations, and
profit-loss balance, to regulate urban-rural development and to define the
locations and timelines of future development of various areas.
Article 4
The central competent authority shall be
responsible for the following.
1.Establishment, announcement, revision and
enforcement of the National spatial plan.
2.Review, approval and supervision of the
spatial plan that are established by municipality or county (city) governments.
3.Establishment of functional zone
demarcated priorities and principles.
4.Establishment of land use permit systems
and regulatory measures for land use control.
5.Issuance of land use permits for
environmental conservation zones and marine resource zones, review and approval
of permit changes and revocation of permits.
6.Other relevant issues.
The competent authorities of municipalities
or counties (cities) shall be responsible for the following.
1.Establishment, announcement, revision and
enforcement of municipality, county (city) spatial plans.
2.Demarcation of functional zones.
3.Enforcement of land use control measures
and establishment and enforcement of municipality and county (city) land use
control measures.
4.Issuance of land use permits for
agricultural development zones and urban-rural development zones, review and
approval of permit changes, and revocation of permits.
5.Other relevant issues.
Article 5
The central competent authority shall
release a spatial planning white paper periodically through regular channels,
on the Internet, and through other appropriate channels.
Article 6
The basic spatial planning principles are
as follows.
1.Spatial planning shall comply with
international conventions and regulations and promote sustainable development.
2.Natural conditions, water resources and
climate change shall be taken into consideration in spatial planning to
establish the capacity to prevent disasters on land and facilitate emergency
responses.
3.Environmental conservation zones shall be
used for conservation purposes and other uses may be prohibited or restricted
accordingly.
4.Marine resource zones shall be used with
resource sustainability taken into consideration; diverse needs shall be
consolidated and priorities of uses shall be established.
5.Agricultural development zones shall be
used to ensure food security. Important agricultural production environments
and facilities shall be safeguarded and fragmented development shall be
avoided.
6.Urban-rural development zones shall be
guided toward compact development and placed under growth management to create
suitable and harmonious living environments and efficient production
environments as well as to provide sufficient public facilities.
7.Metropolitan areas shall be developed in
sympathy with regional characteristics and the overall development, whereas
cross-region consolidation shall be reinforced to achieve the complementation
of resources and strengthen regional functions to improve competitiveness.
8.Specific areas shall be developed in
manner that takes into account topography, geomorphology, geographic features
and cultural characteristics of the region as well as requirements set forth in
other regulations.
9.When spatial planning involves indigenous
people’s land, the traditional cultures, territories and knowledge of such
people shall be respected and preserved, and mechanisms to help achieve mutual
benefits and prosperity shall be established.
10.Spatial planning shall be conducted with
extensive public participation and informational transparency.
11.Environmental conservation shall be
considered in land use and fair and efficient regulatory mechanisms shall be
established.
Article 7
The Executive Yuan shall recruit and
appoint scholars, specialists, representatives from non-governmental
organizations and relevant authorities to form a spatial planning committee to
meet and conduct the following.
1.Review and approval of the National
spatial plan.
2.Coordination of sectoral plans with the
National spatial plan.
The central competent authority shall
recruit and appoint scholars, specialists, representatives from
non-governmental organizations and relevant authorities to form a spatial
planning committee to conduct the following.
1.Review and approval of the National
spatial plan drafts and changes.
2.Review and approval of the municipality
or county (city) spatial plans.
3.Reconsideration of the municipality or
county (city) spatial plans.
4.Review and approval of applications for
permits to use environmental conservation zones and marine resource zones, and
review and approval of permit changes and revocation of permits
The competent authority of each
municipality or county (city) shall recruit and appoint scholars, specialists,
representatives from non-governmental organizations and relevant authorities to
form a spatial planning committee to conduct the following.
1.Review and approval of the municipality
or county (city) spatial plan drafts and changes.
2.Review and approval of applications for
permits to use agricultural development zones and urban-rural development zones
as well as review and approval of permit changes and revocation of permits.
Chapter II Types and Contents of Spatial
plans
Article 8
The types of spatial plans are as follows.
1.National spatial plan.
2.Municipality or county (city) spatial
plans.
When drawing up the National spatial plan,
the central competent authority may consult with relevant authorities in
establishing plans for metropolitan areas or specific areas. Municipality or
county (city) governments may also jointly work out plan contents for relevant
metropolitan areas or specific areas and present these contents for review by
the central competent authority for potential inclusion in the National spatial
plan.
Spatial plans that are established by
municipalities or counties (cities) governments may not conflict with the
National spatial plan.
National park plans, urban plans and
departmental plans that are established by the specific competent authorities
may not conflict with the National spatial plan.
Article 9
National spatial plan that is established
by the central government shall include the following information.
1.The range and duration of the plan.
2.The objectives of sustainable national
land development.
3.Basic surveys and development
predictions.
4.Strategies for national spatial
development and growth management.
5.Demarcation conditions, demarcation
priorities, and land use guidelines for functional zones and sub-zones.
6.Sectoral spatial development strategies.
7.Disaster prevention strategies and
climate change adaptation strategies.
8.Principles for demarcation of
environmental restoration areas.
9.Undertakings and corresponding
responsible agencies.
10.Other related issues.
When the National spatial plan includes
contents that concern metropolitan areas or specific areas in accordance with
Paragraph 2 of the preceding article, such contents may be presented as
attachments.
Article 10
Spatial plans that are established by
municipalities or counties (cities) governments shall include the following
information.
1.The range and duration of the plan.
2.Instructions set forth in the National
spatial plan.
3.Development goals of the municipality or
county (city) .
4.Basic surveys and development
predictions.
5.The spatial development and growth
management plans of the municipality or county (city).
6.Demarcation, adjustment, and land use
control principles for functional zones and sub-zones.
7.Sectoral spatial development plans.
8.Climate change adaptation plans.
9.Suggestions for environmental restoration
areas.
10.Undertakings and corresponding
responsible agencies.
11.Other related issues.
Chapter III Establishment, Announcement,
Revision and Implementation of Spatial plans
Article 11
The agencies that are responsible for the
establishment, review and approval of the National spatial plan are as follows.
1.National spatial plan: to be established
and reviewed by the central competent authority and presented to the Executive
Yuan for approval.
2.Municipality or county (city) spatial
plans: to be established and reviewed by the competent authority of each
municipality or county (city) government and presented to the central competent
authority for approval.
If the specific areas in the National
spatial plan, as stated in the preceding paragraph, include the land or sea
area that belong to indigenous people, then these areas shall be jointly
established by the central competent authority and the central competent
authority for indigenous peoples in accordance with Article 21 of the
Indigenous Peoples’ Basic Law.
Article 12
Opinions of scholars, specialists and
related non-governmental organizations shall be extensively solicited by
holding seminars or other means in support of the establishment of the National
spatial plan.
Each spatial plan shall be publicly
exhibited for 30 days and public hearings shall be held before it is presented
for review and approval. The dates of the open exhibition and public hearings
shall be posted in government gazettes and newspapers as well as on the
Internet and publicized through other appropriate channels. Within the public
exhibition period, private individuals and groups may present in writing their
opinions to the competent authority, indicating their names or titles and
addressees. The competent authority shall review such opinions and present
them, the results of its review, and the plan, to the Executive Yuan or the
central competent authority for decisions.
The process, outcomes, the decisions
concerning the opinions from private individuals and groups, and related
information of the review, referred to in the preceding paragraph, shall all be
posted on the Internet, in government gazettes or publicized through other
appropriate channels for public viewing.
Article 13
Once a spatial plan has been approved, the
agency that drew up the plan shall publicly announce the implementation thereof
within 30 days of receiving the approval document, and it shall also send a
copy of the plan to each concerned municipality or county (city) government and
township (town, city, district) office, to be publicly exhibited for at least
90 days. At the same time, the outline of the plan shall be published in
government gazettes and newspapers as well as on the Internet, and publicized
through other appropriate channels.
If a municipality or county (city)
government fails to make such an announcement, the central competent authority
may do so on its behalf.
Article 14
A municipality or county (city) government,
having established a spatial plan, may apply for reconsideration of a decision
made concerning the plan, by filing such an application before the
implementation of the plan is announced, in accordance with the regulations set
forth in paragraph of the preceding article. This application may be filed once
only. If the original decision is upheld after reconsideration, then the
government shall comply with the aforementioned regulations and announce the
implementation of the plan.
Article 15
After the National spatial plan has been
announced, the competent authorities of municipality or county (city)
government shall draw up or revise their spatial plan within the period that
has been specified by the central competent authority. However, municipalities
or counties (cities) government that had already announced the implementation
of urban plans or national park plans for all their administrative districts
may be excluded.
The central competent authority may apply
Articles 11 to 13 mutatis mutandis and draw up or revise the municipality or
county (city) spatial plans for municipalities and counties (cities) that fail
to comply with the regulations set forth in the preceding paragraph.
After the implementation of the National
spatial plan has been announced, the central competent authority shall revise
it every ten years .After the implementation of the municipality or county
(city) spatial plan has been announced, the municipality or county (city)
competent authority shall revise it every five years. However, under any of the
following conditions, the plan may be revised as soon as possible.
1.Damage has occurred as a result of war,
an earthquake, a flood, a storm, a fire or any other critical incident.
2.The conservation of resources or
prevention of a major disaster is deemed necessary.
3.National defense or important public
facilities or a public utility project is deemed necessary.
4.The National spatial plan and the
establishment or revision of its contents concerning a metropolitan area or a
specific area is deemed necessary.
5.The plan is a municipality or county
(city) spatial plan and adjustments are deemed necessary to accommodate the
National spatial plan.
The revision of a plan, as described in
Subparagraphs 1, 2 and 3 of the preceding paragraph, and related procedures may
be simplified. The central competent authority shall establish regulations
regarding such simplification.
Article 16
After announcing the implementation of a
municipality or county (city) spatial plan, the competent authority of a
municipality or county (city) shall notify the local urban planning authority
to establish or revise urban plans consistent with the guidelines set forth in
the spatial plan.
The central competent authority or the
competent authority of the municipality or county (city) may make the urban
planning authority responsible for establishment or revision of the urban plan
as stated in the preceding paragraph within a given period, or may itself
establish or revise urban plans if necessary.
Article 17
In addition to following the guidelines set
forth in the spatial plans, the relevant authorities shall also consult the
opinions of competent authorities of the same level during the planning stage
when establishing sectoral plans that are important and of scale up to a
certain threshold.
When a sectoral plan that is to be executed
by the central relevant authority is in conflict with sectoral spatial
development strategies or plans of the different level spatial plans, it shall
be presented to the central competent authority for coordination by the central
competent authority and may be presented to the Executive Yuan for a final
decision if such coordination fails.
The central competent authority shall
determine the criteria for defining sectoral plans that are important and of
scale up to a certain threshold, as stated in Paragraph 1.
Article 18
When competent authorities of various
levels need to enter public or private land or buildings to perform
investigations or surveys in pursuit of the establishment or revision of
spatial plans, the owners, occupants, managers or users of such properties may
not refuse. However, to enter land and facilities that are used for national
defense purposes, the consent of authorities with jurisdiction over such land
and facilities shall be required.
Personnel who enter public or private
property for investigation or survey, as stated in the preceding paragraph
shall present documentary proof or certificates and notify the owners,
occupants, managers or users of the property seven days before entry.
If certain obstacles must be removed or
dismantled to conduct an investigation or survey, as referred to in the
preceding paragraph, and doing so causes damage to the property of the owners
or users, appropriate compensation shall be provided and the amount shall be
decided by negotiation.
Article 19
When the competent authority needs to
collect, coordinate and consolidate spatial planning information and data concerning
environmentally sensitive areas for the establishment of a spatial plan, all
relevant authorities shall assist and provide such information and data. The
central competent authority shall also survey land cover and monitor land use
on a regular basis.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding the survey and monitoring , referred to in the
preceding paragraph.
Access to the information that is referred
to in Paragraph 1 shall be provided in accordance with the Freedom of Government
Information Law.
Chapter IV Demarcation of Functional Zone
and Land Use Control
Article 20
The demarcation principles that are used in
functional zone and sub-zone are as follows.
1.Environmental conservation zones: To be
demarcated by natural resources, ecology, landscape, disasters, and the
deployment of corresponding disaster prevention facilities, shall be taken into
account and areas shall be classified by their degree of environmental
sensitivity.
A.Type 1: areas with abundant resources,
important habitats, an exceptional landscape or susceptibility to disaster, and
with an environment that is highly sensitive.
B.Type 2: areas with abundant resources,
important habitats, an exceptional landscape or susceptibility to disaster, and
with an environment that is weakly sensitive.
C.Other necessary types.
2.Marine resource zones: to be demarcated
by the current states of internal and territorial marine, future developmental
requirements, current conservation and utilization of marine resources, traditional
use of such resources by indigenous people, and special and other uses, and to
be classified according to the needs of the use of marine.
A.Type 1: areas with an exclusive use.
B.Type 2: areas with compatible uses.
C.Other necessary types.
3.Agricultural development zones: to be
demarcated by the agricultural production environment, capacity to contribute
to food security and quantities of existing agricultural improvement
facilities, and to be classified according to the conditions of agricultural production
resources therein.
A.Type 1: areas with excellent environments
for agricultural production that can contribute to food security or have
important agricultural facilities that have been improved.
B.Type 2: areas with decent environments
for agricultural production that can contribute to food security and support
agricultural diversity.
C.Other necessary types.
4.Urban-rural development zones: to be
demarcated by the degree of urbanization and developmental needs, and to be
classified according to the level of development.
A.Type 1: areas with higher levels of
urbanization and higher concentrations of residential buildings or industrial
activities.
B.Type 2: areas with lower levels of
urbanization but with a certain concentration of residential buildings or
industrial activities.
C.Other necessary types.
New or expansionary urban plans may be
approved only if they are located in urban-rural development zones.
Article 21
The land use principles that are used in
functional zone and sub-zone are as follows.
1.Environmental conservation zones:
A.Type 1: areas where the natural
environment is to be protected and other uses are prohibited or restricted.
B.Type 2: areas where the natural
environment is to be protected as much as possible and conditional uses may be
permitted.
C.Other necessary types: areas where
various degrees of use control are imposed as determined by the characteristics
of the environmental resources.
2.Marine resource zones:
A.Type 1: areas where public safety and
welfare are to be protected or that meet the requirements for conditional
exclusive uses, with other uses prohibited or restricted.
B.Type 2: areas designated as public access
or compatible uses.
C.Other necessary types: areas not yet
planning or used, where various degrees of use control are imposed as determine
by the conditions of the marine resources.
3.Agricultural development zones:
A.Type 1: areas to be used for agricultural
production and that have production and marketing facilities, with other uses
prohibited or restricted.
B.Type 2: areas to be used for agricultural
production and that have facilities for the development of a related industrial
value chain with various degrees of use control imposed according to the
characteristics of the industry and other uses prohibited or restricted.
C.Other necessary types: areas where
various degrees of use control are to be imposed according to the conditions of
the agricultural resources.
4.Urban-rural development zones:
A.Type 1: areas to be used for a high
intensity of residential activities, industrial activities or other urban-rural
development activities.
B.Type 2: areas to be used for a low
intensity of residential activities, industrial activities or other urban-rural
development activities.
C.Other necessary types: areas where
various degrees of use control are to be imposed as determined by prevailing
urban-rural development.
Article 22
nce the implementation of a municipality or
county (city) spatial plan has been announced, each competent authority shall
act in a manner consistent with the functional zones at various levels and
produce corresponding functional zone maps; define the land for designated use
and present them to the central competent authority for approval and
announcement, and enforce relevant regulatory measures.
In addition to establishing the functional
zone maps, referred to in the preceding paragraph, except for enhancing
environmental conservation that allowed to revise occasionally,the competent
authorities of municipality or county(city) shall generate such maps within the
period specified in the spatial plans, and present them to the central
competent authority for approval and announcement.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations to designate the agencies that are responsible for
producing the functional zone maps and defining the land for designated use
referred to in the two preceding paragraphs, the method of their production,
the scales thereof, review and revision procedures, and their announcement.
Article 23
If lands in other functional zones meet the
demarcation principles for environmental conservation zones, then not only will
control be imposed according to the land use principles that govern such zones,
but also the use of such lands will be prohibited or restricted, as determined
by its resources, ecology, landscape, and the characteristics and magnitudes of
potential disasters.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations concerning functional zones ,sub-zones and land for
designated use; and shall establish regulations concerning converting and
scales , the constructible land and building intensity, items, conditions,
procedures of land use whose use must be approved only after an application,
land use items which do not need an application for approval, prohibited or
restricted land use, and land uses to be placed under control. However, areas
that are covered by urban plans or national park plans shall be subject to the
Urban Planning Law, the National Park Law and related regulations.
If any of the regulations to be established
by the central competent authority, referred to in the preceding paragraph,
affect the land or sea area that belongs to indigenous people, then Article 21
of the Indigenous Peoples Basic Law shall apply and the central competent
authority shall work with the central competent authority for indigenous
peoples to establish such provisions.
Depending on actual local needs, the
competent authorities of municipalities or counties (cities) may act by
guidelines that have been set forth in corresponding the National spatial plan
to establish control regulations and present them to the central competent
authority for approval.
The land use for national defense,
important public facilities and public utility projects may be approvaled
following application in any functional zone.
Article 24
The land use complying with the principles
set forth in Article 21 concerning functional zones and sub-zones, that are
special and of scale up to a certain threshold, should apply the permits. The
application for permits , shall include the documents and plans that are
specified in Article 26. The central competent authority shall establish the
criteria for determining the aforementioned area and properties of land use.
Applicants who have received land use
permits, referred to in the preceding paragraph, may not change the functional
zone and sub-zone; land reclamation shall be permissible only in urban-rural
development zones and must meet the requirements for coastal and marine spatial
planning.
Applications for use permits, referred to
in Paragraph 1, shall be filed with the competent authority of the relevant
municipality or county (city). Land use permit applications that involve
environmental conservation zone or marine resource zone shall be forwarded to
the central competent authority for review and other types of applications
shall be reviewed by the competent authorities of municipalities or counties
(cities). However, applications that involve areas that span more than two
municipalities or counties (cities); applications for approval to use land for
national defense, important public facilities or public utility projects that
involve two or more functional zones and therefore concern different competent
authorities, and applications that involve land reclamation, shall all be
reviewed by the central competent authority.
Applications for change of use in a plan
that has already been approved by the competent authority shall be processed as
specified in Paragraphs 1 and 3. However, these procedures may be simplified if
the change applied for is not complicated.
All competent authorities shall review land
use permit applications according to Article 7 and charge review fees. The
central competent authority shall establish the regulations regarding such fee
charging.
After obtaining permits from the competent
authority, except for projects that involve reclamation for which applications
are processed according to Article 30, applicants shall start using the land in
the specified period. Once the specified period expires, the permit shall
become invalid. Land use permits for applicants who do not use the land
according to approved plans, violate relevant regulations, fail to make
improvements within the specified period or have their plans annulled by the
relevant authority of specific purpose, soil and water conservation or
environmental protection shall be revoked.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding use permit application procedures, application
requirements, review procedures and timelines, conditions for changes to be
made to approved land use permits and application procedures, invalidation and
revocation of the permits and related matters as referred to in Paragraphs 1
and 3 to 6.
Article 25
Having accepted a land use permit
application and confirmed that the application meets the pertinent
requirements, the competent authority of a municipality or county (city) shall
publicly exhibit for 30 days the submitted documents and plans at the office of
the township (town, city, district) that has jurisdiction over the location
with which the application is concerned; this competent authority shall also
hold public hearings before reviewing the application. However, documents and
plans that are submitted with applications to be reviewed by the central
competent authority, as specified in Paragraph 3 of the preceding article,
shall be publicly exhibited for 30 days and public hearings shall be held after
the applications have been confirmed as meeting the corresponding requirements
and forwarded to the central competent authority by the competent authorities
of the relevant municipalities or counties (cities).
The time, location and procedure of each
public hearing, referred to in the preceding paragraph, shall be posted on the
Internet as well as in government gazettes, newspapers or through other
appropriate channels for public access. The owners of the land referred to in
the land use permit application shall also be notified in writing unless the
public hearing has already been held under other regulations and relevant
information has already been posted on the Internet for public access, with the
landowners already notified in writing thereof.
During the public exhibition period,
private individuals and groups may present opinions to the competent authority,
providing their names or titles and addresses. The competent authority shall
compile such opinions within 30 days of the end of the public exhibition period
and present them with the application and submitted documents and plans for
review.
The central competent authority shall
establish the regulations regarding the procedures for the public exhibition
and public hearings, referred to in the three preceding paragraphs, as well as
the procedure for dealing with opinions from private individuals.
Article 26
Land use permit applications that are filed
according to Article 24 shall be submitted with the following documents and
plans.
1.The application and land use plan.
2.Proof of consent of owners of land and buildings
inside the area that is covered by the land use plan, unless the applicant may
apply for expropriation of the area or re-demarcation in accordance with the
Rural Community Land Readjustment Act.
3.Proof of consent of other competent
authorities if such consent is required according to other regulations.
4.Proof of consent from the relevant
authority.
5.Other required documents.
When reviewing land use permit
applications, the competent authority shall consider the suitability of the
land use, the service level of transportation and public facilities, as well as
the carrying capacity of the natural environment and manmade facilities.
Applications that meet the following requirements shall be approved in
accordance with the characteristics of functional zones.
1.Environmental conservation zone and
marine resource zone: Plans ensure environmental protection, natural
conservation and disaster prevention and include effective measures to restore
that is caused to the ecological environment by the proposed use.
2.Agricultural development zones: The
integrity of the agricultural production environment and water resources is
maintained and fragmental use or uses likely to affect other agricultural
production environments are avoided. If agricultural facilities must be built,
they must be related to local agricultural production and management.
3.Urban-rural development zones: Urban
growth management, the linkage impact of development trends, public
construction timelines, and the completeness of water, power and gas supply
telecommunications systems.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding the required contents and formats of documents
and plans to be submitted with land use permit applications, referred to in the
two preceding paragraphs, and the conditions of their approval.
Article 27
Once a land use permit application has been
approved according to the preceding article, the competent authority shall
issue the land use permit and publicly exhibit the submitted documents and
plans in the offices of the relevant municipality or county (city) governments
and townships (towns, cities, districts) for no less than 30 days. At the same
time, the competent authority may also publish the outline of the spatial plan
in government gazettes, newspapers, on the Internet or through other appropriate
channels for public access.
Land for designated use, land use
allocation, land use items and the intensity, in the approved land use plan
shall be considered as the basis for land use control in the area of concern.
Article 28
The central competent authority shall
collect environmental conservation fees from any applicant who receives land
use permits to cover expenses related to the environmental conservation. The
competent authorities of municipalities and counties (cities) shall also
collect impact fees from applicants, which shall be used to improve or
construct public facilities. Impact fees may be paid in the form of
constructible land inside the areas that are covered by land use permits.
After collecting the impact fees stated in
the preceding paragraph, the competent authorities of municipalities and
counties (cities) shall use these funds in a certain period for the purposes
specified in the preceding paragraph. If they fail to do so, applicants may
request the competent authorities of municipalities and counties (cities) to
return the impact fees.
The collection of impact fees, referred to
in Paragraph 1, is intended to support the implementation of spatial plans, or
similar fees are to be collected under other regulations, then the impact fees
may be reduced or not collected.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding the collection, the rates, periods in which the
funds must be used, usage, reduction and exemption of impact fees and return of
impact fees, the payment of impact fees with constructible land, and related
matters of environmental conservation fees and impact fees, referred to in the
three preceding paragraphs.
Each competent authority of municipality or
county (city) may set up a fund of the collected impact fees and shall
establish regulations with respect to the administration and utilization of the
fund.
Article 29
After receiving a land use permit from the
competent authority, each applicant shall undertake the following before
beginning to use the land according to the approved plan.
1.Delineate areas to be registered as for
public facilities and belonging to the municipality or county (city) or
township (town, city, district) and transfer the ownership of such areas to the
municipality or county (city) government or township (town, city).
2.Pay the environmental conservation fee to
the central competent authority and the impact fee to the competent authority
of the municipality or county (city).
3.Change the land for designated use
according to the land use plan.
Public facilities shall be completed in
stages according to the land use plan and must pass inspections before the
applicant can obtain use permits for these facilities; the applicant must also
register such facilities as the property of the municipality or county or
township (town. city) before the competent authority may issue use permits for
buildings in areas that are not for public facilities. However, applicants who
have offered to provide services in place public facilities and have obtained the
consent of the competent authorities of municipality or county (city) or the
building authority, are excluded.
Article 25 of the Land Act shall not apply
when an applicant constructs public facilities in the land for public
facilities, as stated in the preceding paragraph.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding the procedure to be followed after applicants
have been given permission to use the land, the means of operation, the
undertakings, public facility items and related matters.
If relevant provisions in other regulations
apply, then the registration of ownership of the land for public facilities and
of the facilities thereon, as stated in Paragraphs 1 and 2, shall be conducted
accordingly. If the ownership is to be transferred to the municipality or
county (city) or township (town, city), then the applicant may register such
transfers by presenting the permission documents that are specified in Article
27. The registering agency need not issue an ownership certificate when
processing such a transfer of registration but is required to notify the
relevant municipality or county (city) government or township (town, city)
office after the registration has been completed.
Article 30
As set forth in Article 24, after
applications for land reclamation permits are obtained, applicants shall
present their land reclamation engineering plans and pay the bond within the
specified period. After the competent authority of the concerned municipality
or county (city) has approved the plans and the land reclamation has been
completed accordingly, the applicant may proceed with the undertakings
specified in Paragraph 1 of the preceding article.
If a land reclamation plan involves
national defense or is deemed by the central competent authority as raising
public safety issues that are likely to affect municipalities or counties
(cities), then the approval of the central competent authority shall be
required.
If an application for land reclamation, as
stated in Paragraph 1 is not filed, a land use permit that has been obtained
under Article 24 shall lose its validity. If a land reclamation plan is
rejected or not approvaled , then the reviewing agency shall ask the central
competent authority to revoke the land use permit that was obtained by the
applicant under Article 24.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding the contents of land reclamation engineering
plans, the formats of documents and plans to be submitted, the application
timeline, extensions, bond amount, reduction and exemption, payment,
expenditure, return, land reclamation engineering management, and related
matters.
Application for land reclamation shall
comply with other regulations that include relevant provisions. Otherwise,
applications shall be filed according to the timeline specified in Paragraph 1.
Article 31
The provisions in Articles 25 and 27
regarding public exhibition, public hearings and the public announcement shall
not apply if the contents of the land use plans involve national secrets or
contain information that is designated by other laws and regulations as
confidential or restricted.
Article 32
After announcing a functional zone map, the
competent authority of each municipality or county (city) shall act according
to the regulations set forth in the Act and impose land use control. Besides
reparation of existing legal buildings and facilities or buildings and
facilities that were built before the implementation of regional plans, or
facilities that are not subject to the land use control provisions set forth in
Paragraph 2 or 4 of Article 23, no new construction or reconstruction may be
conducted. If necessary, the competent authority of the municipality or county
(city) may assess the situation and order a change of land use or require that
the users of existing legal buildings and facilities to relocate, providing
appropriate compensation for costs incurred from relocation. Before ordering a
change of land use or relocation, the competent authority of the municipality
or county (city) may allow uses that were permitted before the implementation
of regional plans, original legal uses, or change the use of such buildings and
facilities to that is less against to the purposes.
When changing constructible land to
non-constructible land in a spatial plan, the competent authorities of
municipalities or counties (cities) shall provide compensation for damage thus
incurred.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding compensation referred to in the two preceding
paragraphs, and related matters.
Article 33
If the government deems necessary the
acquisition of land, buildings or facilities to enforce environmental
protection and ecological conservation, then the relevant authorities shall act
according to the other law and appropriate funds to purchase or expropriate
such properties.
Article 34
If an applicant for a land use permit
violates this Act or orders that have been established in accordance with this
Act, and the competent authority is negligent in supervision, then citizens or
public interest groups whose rights and interests had been violated may present
written statements that include detailed descriptions of such negligence to the
competent authority. If the competent authority still fails to take necessary
action under law within 60 days of receiving such written statements, the said
citizens or public interest groups may file with the Administrative Court
lawsuits against the competent authority for negligence in the execution of its
duty.
The Administrative Court may order the
defendant, the competent authority, to pay the lawyer’s fees, appraisal costs
and other litigation expenses of the plaintiffs.
The central competent authority shall
define the format of the written statement that is referred to in Paragraph 1.
Chapter V Environmental Restoration
Article 35
The relevant authority may demarcate the
following areas as environmental restoration areas to carry out restoration
works.
1.Areas with a high potential for
mudslides.
2.Areas with severe landslides.
3.Areas with severe land subsidence.
4.River basins with deteriorating
ecological environments or safety hazards.
5.Areas where the ecological environment
has seriously deteriorated.
6.Other areas that exhibit high geological
sensitivity or are likely to have a severe impact on environmental conservation.
The central competent authority shall
consult with the relevant authorities to establish regulations regarding
demarcation, announcement and repeal of environmental restoration areas.
The central competent authority shall
coordinate relevant authorities to identify the agency responsible for
demarcating environmental restoration areas, and shall request the Executive
Yuan to identify that agency if the coordination among agencies fails.
Article 36
In principle, environmental restoration
areas shall be used for conservation, and development and the installation of
any facilities shall be prohibited. The demarcating agency shall establish
restoration plans and execute them after they have been approved by the central
relevant authority. If such areas include indigenous people’s land, then the
demarcating agency shall invite indigenous tribal settlements to send
representatives to participate in plan establishment and execution and
management.
The restoration plans that are referred to
in the preceding paragraph shall be comprehensively reviewed every five years.
If changes are deemed necessary, the responsible agency shall request the
Executive Yuan to approve such changes. The central competent authority shall
define the objectives and contents of the restoration plans, the criteria by
which they shall be changed, and conditions for the prohibition and restriction
of uses, or the acceptance of compatible uses.
When executing the restoration plans that
are referred to in Paragraph 1, the each relevant authority may act under law
to purchase or expropriate private land and legal buildings in the area if
necessary.
Article 37
If existing settlements or buildings and
facilities in environmental restoration areas are assessed by the central
relevant competent authority or the municipality or county (city) government
with jurisdiction over the area as having safety hazards, restriction of
occupancy or forced relocation may not be imposed unless the immediate danger
is expected.
If areas are assessed as having safety
hazards, referred to in the preceding paragraph, then the central relevant
competent authority, municipality or county (city) shall establish appropriate
placement plans and complementary measures, and obtain the consent of the
residents to build homes that favor ecological sustainability on safe and
suitable land to accommodate those residents and assist in their settling,
finding employment, schools and retirement homes, and preserving their
traditional culture. If necessary, the Executive Yuan shall coordinate and
consolidate such undertakings.
Chapter VI Penalty Provisions
Article 38
Land users who engage in activities of a
certain scale or of particular nature that is inconsistent with the principles
of functional zone and sub-zone shall be subject to fines of no less than NT$1
million but no more than NT$5 million, to be imposed by the competent authority
of the municipality or county (city) with jurisdiction over the area.
Under one of the following circumstances,
the competent authority of the municipality or county (city) with jurisdiction
over the area shall impose a fine of no less than NT$300,000 but no more than
NT$1.5 million on the offender.
1.Land use up to a certain scale or with a
particular purpose that complies with the principles of functional zone and
sub-zone without a permit.
2.Land use inconsistent with the land for
designated use and allocation, items and intensity in the approved land use
plan.
The competent authority of the municipality
or county (city) with jurisdiction over the area shall impose a fine of no less
than NT$60,000 but no more than NT$300,000 on land users who violate the land
use control regulation set forth in Paragraph 2 or 4 of Article 23.
The competent authority of the municipality
or county (city) with jurisdiction over the area may order land users who have
penalized under the regulations set forth in the three preceding paragraphs to
apply for a land use change, stop using the land or dismantle buildings thereon
to restore the land to its original condition. If the user runs a business on
land under land use control, then the competent authority may order the
suspension of the business and notify the relevant authority to revoke part or
the entire registration of the business.
If a land user fails to comply with an
order to apply for land use change, to stop using the land or to dismantle
buildings thereon, to restore the land to its original condition or to suspend
business operations, then the competent authority may impose a fine according
to the regulations set forth in Paragraphs 1 to 3 for each violation and act
under relevant regulations in the Administrative Execution Act to cut off water
and power supplies, dismantle buildings, or take other measures to restore the
land to its original condition; the offender shall be responsible for all
expenses incurred.
When the situation that is described in
Paragraph 1, Subparagraph 1 of Paragraph 2, or Paragraph 3, occurs, but the
offender cannot be located, the competent authority of the municipality or
county (city) shall order the users managers and owners of the land or
buildings thereon to stop using the facilities or restore the land to its
original condition within a given period. If these parties fail to comply, then
the competent authority of the municipality or county (city) may take necessary
action in accordance with the Administrative Execution Act.
If the land or buildings on such land are
government properties, then the managers, after receiving notices to restore
the land to its original condition within a given period, may draw up
improvement plans and submit them to the competent authority for review, and
the order shall no longer apply. However, if a negative impact on public safety
is deemed imminent, the managers shall restore the land to the original
condition or immediately make improvements.
Article 39
If the situation that is described in
Paragraph 1, 2 or 3 of the preceding article` occurs and causes accidents, then
the offender shall be subject to a prison term of no more than seven years as
well as a fine no more than NT$5 million. If deaths happen as a result, then
the offender shall be subject to a prison term of no less than five years but
no more than 12 years and a fine of no more than NT$10 million. If the offense
causes serious injuries, then the offender shall be subject to a prison term of
no lessthan three years but no more than ten years as well as a fine of no more
than NT$7 million.
Any crops, tools, working materials and
machines involved in the offenses that are described in the preceding paragraph
shall be confiscated, whether it belongs to the offender or not.
Article 40
Competent authorities of municipalities and
counties (cities) shall enhance their land use violation inspections and
appropriate a certain percentage of fines imposed under Article 38 to encourage
the public to report unlawful land use.
The central competent authority shall
establish regulations regarding objects, criteria, scope, and related matters
of incentives to encourage the public to report unlawful land use, referred to
in the preceding paragraph.
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions
Article 41
The central competent authority shall
consult with relevant authorities to define the areas of marine to be placed
under the jurisdiction of the competent authorities of municipalities and
counties (cities).
The Coast Guard Administration shall
provide vehicles and protection when competent authorities of different levels
investigate and collect evidence concerning violations of this Act in the
marine under their jurisdiction.
Article 42
The central competent authority shall
establish the definition of important public facilities or public utility
projects that are referred to in Subparagraph 3 of Paragraph 3 of Article 15
and Paragraph 5 of Article 23.
Article 43
The government shall consolidate the
resources of national spatial research institutions; promote national spatial
planning research, and designate a central-level judicial person or institution
for national spatial planning research projects if necessary.
Article 44
The central competent authority shall set
up the Sustainable Development Fund. The sources of the fund shall include the
following.
1.Environmental conservation fees that are
collected from applicants for land use permits.
2.Funds that have been appropriated by the
government according to the budgeting procedure.
3.A percentage of fees that are collected
by the Taiwan Water Corporation.
4.A percentage of fees that are collected
by the Taiwan Power Company.
5.A percentage of fines that are imposed
for violations of this Act.
6.Private donations.
7.Accrued interest from the fund.
8.Other income.
Starting on the day when this Act goes into
effect, the central competent authority shall set up an annual budget to be
appropriated from the government, as stated in Subparagraph 2 of the preceding
paragraph, based on the results of a review of, and changes to, the spatial
plan review. The total amount to be appropriated in the ten years after this
Act goes into effect shall not be less than NT$50 billion. Funds will be
obtained from the sources referred to in Subparagraphs 3 and 4 in the 11th year
after this Act takes effect. The central competent authority shall establish
regulations regarding the items of addition fees to be collected, the
calculation of the certain percentages, time of payment, duration and
procedures, and related matters under Subparagraphs 3 to 5 of this Article.
The Sustainable Development Fund shall be
utilized for the following purposes.
1.Payment of compensation under this Act.
2.Spatial planning research and surveys,
and land use monitoring.
3.Provision of subsidies from the source of
funds stated in Subparagraph 5 of Paragraph 1 for use by the competent
authorities of municipalities and counties (cities) in investigating violations
and encouraging the public to report unlawful land use.
4.Expenses needed for other environmental
conservation undertakings.
Article 45
The central competent authority shall
announce the National spatial plan within two years after this Act takes
effect.
The competent authorities of municipalities
and counties (cities) shall announce the implementation of municipality and
county (city) spatial plans on the date specified by the central competent
authority within three years after the announcement of the implementation of
the National spatial plans; they will also publicly post the functional zone
maps on the date specified by the central competent authority within four years
after the announcement of the implementation of municipality and county (city)
spatialplans.
The Regional Planning Act shall cease to
apply on the day the competent authorities of municipalities and counties
(cities) publicly post the functional zone maps.
Article 46
The central competent authority shall
establish rules for the enforcement of this Act.
Article 47
The Executive Yuan shall determine the
effective date of this Act within one year after this Act is promulgated.
The amendments to this Act shall come into
force from the date of promulgation.
國土計畫法
第 一 章
總則
第 1 條
為因應氣候變遷，確保國土安全，保育自然環境與人文資產，促進資源與產業合理配置，強化國土整合管理機制，並復育環境敏感與國土破壞地區，追求國家永續發展，特制定本法。
第 2 條
本法所稱主管機關：在中央為內政部；在直轄市為直轄市政府；在縣（市）為縣（市）政府。
第 3 條
本法用詞，定義如下：
一、國土計畫：指針對我國管轄之陸域及海域，為達成國土永續發展，所訂定引導國土資源保育及利用之空間發展計畫。
二、全國國土計畫：指以全國國土為範圍，所訂定目標性、政策性及整體性之國土計畫。
三、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫：指以直轄市、縣（市）行政轄區及其海域管轄範圍，所訂定實質發展及管制之國土計畫。
四、都會區域：指由一個以上之中心都市為核心，及與中心都市在社會、經濟上具有高度關聯之直轄市、縣（市）或鄉（鎮、市、區）所共同組成之範圍。
五、特定區域：指具有特殊自然、經濟、文化或其他性質，經中央主管機關指定之範圍。
六、部門空間發展策略：指主管機關會商各目的事業主管機關，就其部門發展所需涉及空間政策或區位適宜性，綜合評估後，所訂定之發展策略。
七、國土功能分區：指基於保育利用及管理之需要，依土地資源特性，所劃分之國土保育地區、海洋資源地區、農業發展地區及城鄉發展地區。
八、成長管理：指為確保國家永續發展、提升環境品質、促進經濟發展及維護社會公義之目標，考量自然環境容受力，公共設施服務水準與財務成本、使用權利義務及損益公平性之均衡，規範城鄉發展之總量及型態，並訂定未來發展地區之適當區位及時程，以促進國土有效利用之使用管理政策及作法。
第 4 條
中央主管機關應辦理下列事項：
一、全國國土計畫之擬訂、公告、變更及實施。
二、對直轄市、縣（市）政府推動國土計畫之核定及監督。
三、國土功能分區劃設順序、劃設原則之規劃。
四、使用許可制度及全國性土地使用管制之擬定。
五、國土保育地區或海洋資源地區之使用許可、許可變更及廢止之核定。
六、其他全國性國土計畫之策劃及督導。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關應辦理下列事項：
一、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫之擬訂、公告、變更及執行。
二、國土功能分區之劃設。
三、全國性土地使用管制之執行及直轄市、縣（市）特殊性土地使用管制之擬定、執行。
四、農業發展地區及城鄉發展地區之使用許可、許可變更及廢止之核定。
五、其他直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫之執行。
第 5 條
中央主管機關應定期公布國土白皮書，並透過網際網路或其他適當方式公開。
第 6 條
國土計畫之規劃基本原則如下：
一、國土規劃應配合國際公約及相關國際性規範，共同促進國土之永續發展。
二、國土規劃應考量自然條件及水資源供應能力，並因應氣候變遷，確保國土防災及應變能力。
三、國土保育地區應以保育及保安為原則，並得禁止或限制使用。
四、海洋資源地區應以資源永續利用為原則，整合多元需求，建立使用秩序。
五、農業發展地區應以確保糧食安全為原則，積極保護重要農業生產環境及基礎設施，並應避免零星發展。
六、城鄉發展地區應以集約發展、成長管理為原則，創造寧適和諧之生活環境及有效率之生產環境確保完整之配套公共設施。
七、都會區域應配合區域特色與整體發展需要，加強跨域整合，達成資源互補、強化區域機能提升競爭力。
八、特定區域應考量重要自然地形、地貌、地物、文化特色及其他法令所定之條件，實施整體規劃。
九、國土規劃涉及原住民族之土地，應尊重及保存其傳統文化、領域及智慧，並建立互利共榮機制。
十、國土規劃應力求民眾參與多元化及資訊公開化。
十一、土地使用應兼顧環境保育原則，建立公平及有效率之管制機制。
第 7 條
行政院應遴聘（派）學者、專家、民間團體及有關機關代表，召開國土計畫審議會，以合議方式辦理下列事項：
一、全國國土計畫核定之審議。
二、部門計畫與國土計畫競合之協調、決定。
中央主管機關應遴聘（派）學者、專家、民間團體及有關機關代表，召開國土計畫審議會，以合議方式辦理下列事項：
一、全國國土計畫擬訂或變更之審議。
二、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫核定之審議。
三、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫之復議。
四、國土保育地區及海洋資源地區之使用許可、許可變更及廢止之審議。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關應遴聘（派）學者、專家、民間團體及有關機關代表，召開國土計畫審議會，以合議方式辦理下列事項：
一、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫擬訂或變更之審議。
二、農業發展地區及城鄉發展地區之使用許可、許可變更及廢止之審議。
第 二 章
國土計畫之種類及內容
第 8 條
國土計畫之種類如下：
一、全國國土計畫。
二、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫。
中央主管機關擬訂全國國土計畫時，得會商有關機關就都會區域或特定區域範圍研擬相關計畫內容；直轄市、縣（市）政府亦得就都會區域或特定區域範圍，共同研擬相關計畫內容，報中央主管機關審議後，納入全國國土計畫。
直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫，應遵循全國國土計畫。
國家公園計畫、都市計畫及各目的事業主管機關擬訂之部門計畫，應遵循國土計畫。
第 9 條
全國國土計畫之內容，應載明下列事項：
一、計畫範圍及計畫年期。
二、國土永續發展目標。
三、基本調查及發展預測。
四、國土空間發展及成長管理策略。
五、國土功能分區及其分類之劃設條件、劃設順序、土地使用指導事項。
六、部門空間發展策略。
七、國土防災策略及氣候變遷調適策略。
八、國土復育促進地區之劃定原則。
九、應辦事項及實施機關。
十、其他相關事項。
全國國土計畫中涉有依前條第二項擬訂之都會區域或特定區域範圍相關計畫內容，得另以附冊方式定之。
第 10 條
直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫之內容，應載明下列事項：
一、計畫範圍及計畫年期。
二、全國國土計畫之指示事項。
三、直轄市、縣（市）之發展目標。
四、基本調查及發展預測。
五、直轄市、縣（市）空間發展及成長管理計畫。
六、國土功能分區及其分類之劃設、調整、土地使用管制原則。
七、部門空間發展計畫。
八、氣候變遷調適計畫。
九、國土復育促進地區之建議事項。
十、應辦事項及實施機關。
十一、其他相關事項。
第 三 章
國土計畫之擬訂、公告、變更及實施
第 11 條
國土計畫之擬訂、審議及核定機關如下：
一、全國國土計畫：由中央主管機關擬訂、審議，報請行政院核定。
二、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫：由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關擬訂、審議，報請中央主管機關核定。
前項全國國土計畫中特定區域之內容，如涉及原住民族土地及海域者，應依原住民族基本法第二十一條規定辦理，並由中央主管機關會同中央原住民族主管機關擬訂。
第 12 條
國土計畫之擬訂，應邀集學者、專家、民間團體等舉辦座談會或以其他適當方法廣詢意見，作成紀錄，以為擬訂計畫之參考。
國土計畫擬訂後送審議前，應公開展覽三十日及舉行公聽會；公開展覽及公聽會之日期及地點應登載於政府公報、新聞紙，並以網際網路或其他適當方法廣泛周知。人民或團體得於公開展覽期間內，以書面載明姓名或名稱及地址，向該管主管機關提出意見，由該管機關參考審議，併同審議結果及計畫，分別報請行政院或中央主管機關核定。
前項審議之進度、結果、陳情意見參採情形及其他有關資訊，應以網際網路或登載於政府公報等其他適當方法廣泛周知。
第 13 條
國土計畫經核定後，擬訂機關應於接到核定公文之日起三十日內公告實施，並將計畫函送各有關直轄市、縣（市）政府及鄉（鎮、市、區）公所分別公開展覽；其展覽期間，不得少於九十日；計畫內容重點應登載於政府公報、新聞紙，並以網際網路或其他適當方法廣泛周知。
直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫未依規定公告者，中央主管機關得逕為公告及公開展覽。
第 14 條
直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫擬訂機關對於核定之國土計畫申請復議時，應於前條第一項規定公告實施前提出，並以一次為限。經復議決定維持原核定計畫時，應即依規定公告實施。
第 15 條
全國國土計畫公告實施後，直轄市、縣（市）主管機關應依中央主管機關規定期限，辦理直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫之擬訂或變更。但其全部行政轄區均已發布實施都市計畫或國家公園計畫者，得免擬訂直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關未依前項規定期限辦理直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫之擬訂或變更者，中央主管機關得逕為擬訂或變更，並準用第十一條至第十三條規定程序辦理。
國土計畫公告實施後，擬訂計畫之機關應視實際發展情況，全國國土計畫每十年通盤檢討一次，直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫每五年通盤檢討一次，並作必要之變更。但有下列情事之一者，得適時檢討變更之：
一、因戰爭、地震、水災、風災、火災或其他重大事變遭受損壞。
二、為加強資源保育或避免重大災害之發生。
三、政府興辦國防、重大之公共設施或公用事業計畫。
四、其屬全國國土計畫者，為擬訂、變更都會區域或特定區域之計畫內容。
五、其屬直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫者，為配合全國國土計畫之指示事項。
前項第一款、第二款及第三款適時檢討變更之計畫內容及辦理程序得予以簡化；其簡化之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第 16 條
直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫公告實施後，應由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關通知當地都市計畫主管機關按國土計畫之指導，辦理都市計畫之擬訂或變更。
前項都市計畫之擬訂或變更，中央主管機關或直轄市、縣（市）主管機關得指定各該擬定機關限期為之，必要時並得逕為擬定或變更。
第 17 條
各目的事業主管機關興辦性質重要且在一定規模以上部門計畫時，除應遵循國土計畫之指導外，並應於先期規劃階段，徵詢同級主管機關之意見。
中央目的事業主管機關興辦部門計畫與各級國土計畫所定部門空間發展策略或計畫產生競合時，應報由中央主管機關協調；協調不成時，得報請行政院決定之。
第一項性質重要且在一定規模以上部門計畫之認定標準，由中央主管機關定之。
第 18 條
各級主管機關因擬訂或變更國土計畫須派員進入公、私有土地或建築物調查或勘測時，其所有人、占有人、管理人或使用人不得拒絕。但進入國防設施用地，應經該國防設施用地主管機關同意。
前項調查或勘測人員進入公、私有土地或建築物調查或勘測時，應出示執行職務有關之證明文件或顯示足資辨別之標誌；於進入建築物或設有圍障之土地調查或勘測前，應於七日前通知其所有人、占有人、管理人或使用人。
為實施前項調查或勘測，須遷移或拆除地上障礙物，致所有人或使用人遭受之損失，應先予適當之補償，其補償價額以協議為之。
第 19 條
為擬訂國土計畫，主管機關應蒐集、協調及整合國土規劃基礎資訊與環境敏感地區等相關資料，各有關機關應配合提供；中央主管機關並應定期從事國土利用現況調查及土地利用監測。
前項國土利用現況調查及土地利用監測之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第一項資訊之公開，依政府資訊公開法之規定辦理。
第 四 章
國土功能分區之劃設及土地使用管制
第 20 條
各國土功能分區及其分類之劃設原則如下：
一、國土保育地區：依據天然資源、自然生態或景觀、災害及其防治設施分布情形加以劃設，並按環境敏感程度，予以分類：
（一）第一類：具豐富資源、重要生態、珍貴景觀或易致災條件，其環境敏感程度較高之地區。
（二）第二類：具豐富資源、重要生態、珍貴景觀或易致災條件，其環境敏感程度較低之地區。
（三）其他必要之分類。
二、海洋資源地區：依據內水與領海之現況及未來發展需要，就海洋資源保育利用、原住民族傳統使用、特殊用途及其他使用等加以劃設，並按用海需求，予以分類：
（一）第一類：使用性質具排他性之地區。
（二）第二類：使用性質具相容性之地區。
（三）其他必要之分類。
三、農業發展地區：依據農業生產環境、維持糧食安全功能及曾經投資建設重大農業改良設施之情形加以劃設，並按農地生產資源條件，予以分類：
（一）第一類：具優良農業生產環境、維持糧食安全功能或曾經投資建設重大農業改良設施之地區。
（二）第二類：具良好農業生產環境、糧食生產功能，為促進農業發展多元化之地區。
（三）其他必要之分類。
四、城鄉發展地區：依據都市化程度及發展需求加以劃設，並按發展程度，予以分類：
（一）第一類：都市化程度較高，其住宅或產業活動高度集中之地區。
（二）第二類：都市化程度較低，其住宅或產業活動具有一定規模以上之地區。
（三）其他必要之分類。
新訂或擴大都市計畫案件，應以位屬城鄉發展地區者為限。
第 21 條
國土功能分區及其分類之土地使用原則如下：
一、國土保育地區：
（一）第一類：維護自然環境狀態，並禁止或限制其他使用。
（二）第二類：儘量維護自然環境狀態，允許有條件使用。
（三）其他必要之分類：按環境資源特性給予不同程度之使用管制。
二、海洋資源地區：
（一）第一類：供維護海域公共安全及公共福址，或符合海域管理之有條件排他性使用，並禁止或限制其他使用。
（二）第二類：供海域公共通行或公共水域使用之相容使用。
（三）其他必要之分類：其他尚未規劃或使用者，按海洋資源條件，給予不同程度之使用管制。
三、農業發展地區：
（一）第一類：供農業生產及其必要之產銷設施使用，並禁止或限制其他使用。
（二）第二類：供農業生產及其產業價值鏈發展所需設施使用，並依其產業特性給予不同程度之使用管制、禁止或限制其他使用。
（三）其他必要之分類：按農業資源條件給予不同程度之使用管制。
四、城鄉發展地區：
（一）第一類：供較高強度之居住、產業或其他城鄉發展活動使用。
（二）第二類：供較低強度之居住、產業或其他城鄉發展活動使用。
（三）其他必要之分類：按城鄉發展情形給予不同程度之使用管制。
第 22 條
直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫公告實施後，應由各該主管機關依各級國土計畫國土功能分區之劃設內容，製作國土功能分區圖及編定適當使用地，並實施管制。
前項國土功能分區圖，除為加強國土保育者，得隨時辦理外，應於國土計畫所定之一定期限內完成，並應報經中央主管機關核定後公告。
前二項國土功能分區圖與使用地繪製之辦理機關、製定方法、比例尺、辦理、檢討變更程序及公告等之作業辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第 23 條
國土保育地區以外之其他國土功能分區，如有符合國土保育地區之劃設原則者，除應依據各該國土功能分區之使用原則進行管制外，並應按其資源、生態、景觀或災害特性及程度，予以禁止或限制使用。
國土功能分區及其分類之使用地類別編定、變更、規模、可建築用地及其強度、應經申請同意使用項目、條件、程序、免經申請同意使用項目、禁止或限制使用及其他應遵行之土地使用管制事項之規則，由中央主管機關定之。但屬實施都市計畫或國家公園計畫者，仍依都市計畫法、國家公園法及其相關法規實施管制。
前項規則中涉及原住民族土地及海域之使用管制者，應依原住民族基本法第二十一條規定辦理，並由中央主管機關會同中央原住民族主管機關訂定。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關得視地方實際需要，依全國國土計畫土地使用指導事項，由該管主管機關另訂管制規則，並報請中央主管機關核定。
國防、重大之公共設施或公用事業計畫，得於各國土功能分區申請使用。
第 24 條
於符合第二十一條國土功能分區及其分類之使用原則下，從事一定規模以上或性質特殊之土地使用，應由申請人檢具第二十六條規定之書圖文件申請使用許可；其一定規模以上或性質特殊之土地使用，其認定標準，由中央主管機關定之。
前項使用許可不得變更國土功能分區、分類，且填海造地案件限於城鄉發展地區申請，並符合海岸及海域之規劃。
第一項使用許可之申請，由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關受理。申請使用許可範圍屬國土保育地區或海洋資源地區者，由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關核轉中央主管機關審議外，其餘申請使用許可範圍由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關審議。但申請使用範圍跨二個直轄市、縣（市）行政區以上、興辦前條第五項國防、重大之公共設施或公用事業計畫跨二個國土功能分區以上致審議之主管機關不同或填海造地案件者，由中央主管機關審議。
變更經主管機關許可之使用計畫，應依第一項及第三項規定程序辦理。但變更內容性質單純者，其程序得予以簡化。
各級主管機關應依第七條規定辦理審議，並應收取審查費；其收費辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
申請人取得主管機關之許可後，除申請填海造地使用許可案件依第三十條規定辦理外，應於規定期限內進行使用；逾規定期限者，其許可失其效力。未依經許可之使用計畫使用或違反其他相關法規規定，經限期改善而未改善或經目的事業、水土保持、環境保護等主管機關廢止有關計畫者，廢止其使用許可。
第一項及第三項至第六項有關使用許可之辦理程序、受理要件、審議方式與期限、已許可使用計畫應辦理變更之情形與辦理程序、許可之失效、廢止及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第 25 條
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關受理使用許可之申請後，經審查符合受理要件者，應於審議前將其書圖文件於申請使用案件所在地鄉（鎮、市、區）公所公開展覽三十日及舉行公聽會。但依前條第三項規定由中央主管機關審議者，於直轄市、縣（市）主管機關受理審查符合受理要件核轉後，於審議前公開展覽三十日及舉行公聽會。
前項舉行公聽會之時間、地點、辦理方式等事項，除應以網際網路方式公開外，並得登載於政府公報、新聞紙或其他適當方法廣泛周知，另應以書面送達申請使用範圍內之土地所有權人。但已依其他法規舉行公聽會，且踐行以網際網路周知及書面送達土地所有權人者，不在此限。
公開展覽期間內，人民或團體得以書面載明姓名或名稱及地址，向主管機關提出意見。主管機關應於公開展覽期滿之日起三十日內彙整人民或團體意見，併同申請使用許可書圖文件報請審議。
前三項有關使用許可之公開展覽與公聽會之辦理方式及人民陳述意見處理之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第 26 條
依第二十四條規定申請使用許可之案件，應檢具下列書圖文件：
一、申請書及使用計畫。
二、使用計畫範圍內土地與建築物所有權人同意證明文件。但申請使用許可之事業依法得為徵收或依農村社區土地重劃條例得申請重劃者，免附。
三、依其他相關法令規定應先經各該主管機關同意之文件。
四、興辦事業計畫已依各目的事業主管法令同意之文件。
五、其他必要之文件。
主管機關審議申請使用許可案件，應考量土地使用適宜性、交通與公共設施服務水準、自然環境及人為設施容受力。依各國土功能分區之特性，經審議符合下列條件者，得許可使用：
一、國土保育地區及海洋資源地區：就環境保護、自然保育及災害防止，為妥適之規劃，並針對該使用所造成生態環境損失，採取彌補或復育之有效措施。
二、農業發展地區：維護農業生產環境及水資源供應之完整性，避免零星使用或影響其他農業生產環境之使用；其有興建必要之農業相關設施，應以與當地農業生產經營有關者為限。
三、城鄉發展地區：都市成長管理、發展趨勢之關聯影響、公共建設計畫時程、水資源供應及電力、瓦斯、電信等維生系統完備性。
前二項使用許可審議應檢附之書圖文件內容、格式、許可條件具體規定等相關事項之審議規則，由中央主管機關定之。
第 27 條
申請使用許可案件經依前條規定審議通過後，由主管機關核發使用許可，並將經許可之使用計畫書圖、文件，於各有關直轄市、縣（市）政府及鄉（鎮、市、區）公所分別公開展覽；其展覽期間，不得少於三十日，並得視實際需要，將計畫內容重點登載於政府公報、新聞紙、網際網路或其他適當方法廣泛周知。
前項許可使用計畫之使用地類別、使用配置、項目、強度，應作為範圍內土地使用管制之依據。
第 28 條
經主管機關核發使用許可案件，中央主管機關應向申請人收取國土保育費作為辦理國土保育有關事項之用；直轄市、縣（市）主管機關應向申請人收取影響費，作為改善或增建相關公共設施之用，影響費得以使用許可範圍內可建築土地抵充之。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關收取前項影響費後，應於一定期限內按前項用途使用；未依期限或用途使用者，申請人得要求直轄市、縣（市）主管機關返還已繳納之影響費。
第一項影響費如係配合整體國土計畫之推動、指導等性質，或其他法律定有同性質費用之收取者，得予減免。
前三項國土保育費及影響費之收費方式、費額（率）、應使用之一定期限、用途、影響費之減免與返還、可建築土地抵充之範圍及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第一項影響費得成立基金，其保管及運用之規定，由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關定之。
第 29 條
申請人於主管機關核發使用許可後，應先完成下列事項，始得依經許可之使用計畫進行後續使用：
一、將使用計畫範圍內應登記為直轄市、縣（市）或鄉（鎮、市）管有之公共設施用地完成分割、移轉登記為各該直轄市、縣（市）或鄉（鎮、市）有。
二、分別向中央主管機關繳交國土保育費及直轄市、縣（市）主管機關繳交影響費。
三、使用地依使用計畫內容申請變更。
前項公共設施用地上需興建之設施，應由申請人依使用計畫分期興建完竣勘驗合格，領得使用執照並將所有權移轉登記為直轄市、縣（市）或鄉（鎮、市）有後，其餘非公共設施用地上建築物始得核發使用執照。但經申請人提出各分期應興建完竣設施完成前之服務功能替代方案，並經直轄市、縣（市）或特設主管建築機關同意者，不在此限。
申請人於前項公共設施用地上興建公共設施時，不適用土地法第二十五條規定。
第一項及第二項許可使用後之程序、作業方式、負擔、公共設施項目及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第一項及第二項之公共設施用地及設施，其所有權移轉登記承受人依其他法律另有規定者，從其規定；申請移轉登記為直轄市、縣（市）或鄉（鎮、市）有時，得由申請人憑第二十七條第一項規定許可文件單獨申請登記；登記機關辦理該移轉登記時，免繕發權利書狀，登記完畢後，應通知該直轄市、縣（市）政府或鄉（鎮、市）公所。
第 30 條
申請填海造地案件依第二十四條規定取得使用許可後，申請人應於規定期限內提出造地施工計畫，繳交開發保證金；經直轄市、縣（市）主管機關許可並依計畫填築完成後，始得依前條第一項規定辦理相關事宜。
前項造地施工計畫，涉及國防或經中央主管機關認定其公共安全影響範圍跨直轄市、縣（市），由中央主管機關許可。
第一項造地施工計畫屆期未申請許可者，其依第二十四條規定取得之許可失其效力；造地施工計畫經審議駁回或不予許可者，審議機關應送請中央主管機關廢止其依第二十四條規定取得之許可。
第一項造地施工計畫內容及書圖格式、申請期限、展延、保證金計算、減免、繳交、動支、退還、造地施工管理及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第一項造地施工計畫之許可，其他法規另有規定者，從其規定。但其他法規未規定申請期限，仍應依第一項申請期限辦理之。
第 31 條
使用許可內容涉及依法核定為國家機密或其他法律、法規命令規定應秘密之事項或限制、禁止公開者，不適用第二十五條及第二十七條有關公開展覽、公聽會及計畫內容公告周知之規定。
第 32 條
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關公告國土功能分區圖後，應按本法規定進行管制。區域計畫實施前或原合法之建築物、設施與第二十三條第二項或第四項所定土地使用管制內容不符者，除准修繕外，不得增建或改建。當地直轄市、縣（市）主管機關認有必要時，得斟酌地方情形限期令其變更使用或遷移，其因遷移所受之損害，應予適當之補償；在直轄市、縣（市）主管機關令其變更使用、遷移前，得為區域計畫實施前之使用、原來之合法使用或改為妨礙目的較輕之使用。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關對於既有合法可建築用地經依直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫變更為非可建築用地時，其所受之損失，應予適當補償。
前二項補償方式及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第 33 條
政府為國土保安及生態保育之緊急需要，有取得土地、建築物或設施之必要者，應由各目的事業主管機關依法價購、徵收或辦理撥用。
第 34 條
申請人申請使用許可違反本法或依本法授權訂定之相關命令而主管機關疏於執行時，受害人民或公益團體得敘明疏於執行之具體內容，以書面告知主管機關。主管機關於書面告知送達之日起六十日內仍未依法執行者，人民或公益團體得以該主管機關為被告，對其怠於執行職務之行為，直接向行政法院提起訴訟，請求判令其執行。
行政法院為前項判決時，得依職權判令被告機關支付適當律師費用、偵測鑑定費用或其他訴訟費用予原告。
第一項之書面告知格式，由中央主管機關定之。
第 五 章
國土復育
第 35 條
下列地區得由目的事業主管機關劃定為國土復育促進地區，進行復育工作：
一、土石流高潛勢地區。
二、嚴重山崩、地滑地區。
三、嚴重地層下陷地區。
四、流域有生態環境劣化或安全之虞地區。
五、生態環境已嚴重破壞退化地區。
六、其他地質敏感或對國土保育有嚴重影響之地區。
前項國土復育促進地區之劃定、公告及廢止之辦法，由中央主管機關會商相關目的事業主管機關定之。
國土復育促進地區之劃定機關，由中央主管機關協調有關機關決定，協調不成，報行政院決定之。
第 36 條
國土復育促進地區經劃定者，應以保育和禁止開發行為及設施之設置為原則，並由劃定機關擬訂復育計畫，報請中央目的事業主管機關核定後實施。如涉及原住民族土地，劃定機關應邀請原住民族部落參與計畫之擬定、執行與管理。
前項復育計畫，每五年應通盤檢討一次，並得視需要，隨時報請行政院核准變更；復育計畫之標的、內容、合於變更要件，及禁止、相容與限制事項，由中央主管機關定之。
各目的事業主管機關為執行第一項復育計畫，必要時，得依法價購、徵收區內私有土地及合法土地改良物。
第 37 條
國土復育促進地區內已有之聚落或建築設施，經中央目的事業主管機關或直轄市、縣（市）政府評估安全堪虞者，除有立即明顯之危害，不得限制居住或強制遷居。
前項經評估有安全堪虞之地區，中央目的事業主管機關或直轄市、縣（市）政府應研擬完善安置及配套計畫，並徵得居民同意後，於安全、適宜之土地，整體規劃合乎永續生態原則之聚落，予以安置，並協助居住、就業、就學、就養及保存其傳統文化；必要時，由行政院協調整合辦理。
第 六 章
罰則
第 38 條
從事未符合國土功能分區及其分類使用原則之一定規模以上或性質特殊之土地使用者，由該管直轄市、縣（市）主管機關處行為人新臺幣一百萬元以上五百萬元以下罰鍰。
有下列情形之一者，由該管直轄市、縣（市）主管機關處行為人新臺幣三十萬元以上一百五十萬元以下罰鍰：
一、未經使用許可而從事符合國土功能分區及其分類使用原則之一定規模以上或性質特殊之土地使用。
二、未依許可使用計畫之使用地類別、使用配置、項目、強度進行使用。
違反第二十三條第二項或第四項之管制使用土地者，由該管直轄市、縣（市）主管機關處行為人新臺幣六萬元以上三十萬元以下罰鍰。
依前三項規定處罰者，該管直轄市、縣（市）主管機關得限期令其變更使用、停止使用或拆除其地上物恢復原狀；於管制使用土地上經營業務者，必要時得勒令歇業，並通知該管主管機關廢止其全部或一部登記。
前項情形經限期變更使用、停止使用、拆除地上物恢復原狀或勒令歇業而不遵從者，得按次依第一項至第三項規定處罰，並得依行政執行法規定停止供水、供電、封閉、強制拆除或採取其他恢復原狀之措施，其費用由行為人負擔。
有第一項、第二項第一款或第三項情形無法發現行為人時，直轄市、縣（市）主管機關應依序命土地或地上物使用人、管理人或所有人限期停止使用或恢復原狀；屆期不履行，直轄市、縣（市）主管機關得依行政執行法規定辦理。
前項土地或地上物屬公有者，管理人於收受限期恢復原狀之通知後，得於期限屆滿前擬定改善計畫送主管機關核備，不受前項限期恢復原狀規定之限制。但有立即影響公共安全之情事時，應迅即恢復原狀或予以改善。
第 39 條
有前條第一項、第二項或第三項情形致釀成災害者，處七年以下有期徒刑，得併科新臺幣五百萬元以下罰金；因而致人於死者，處五年以上十二年以下有期徒刑，得併科新臺幣一千萬元以下罰金；致重傷者，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，得併科新臺幣七百萬元以下罰金。
犯前項之罪者，其墾殖物、工作物、施工材料及所使用之機具，不問屬於犯罪行為人與否，沒收之。
第 40 條
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關對土地違規使用應加強稽查，並由依第三十八條規定所處罰鍰中提撥一定比率，供民眾檢舉獎勵使用。
前項檢舉土地違規使用獎勵之對象、基準、範圍及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
第 七 章
附則
第 41 條
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關之海域管轄範圍，得由中央主管機關會商有關機關劃定。
各級主管機關為執行海域內違反本法之取締、蒐證、移送等事項，由海岸巡防機關協助提供載具及安全戒護。
第 42 條
第十五條第三項第三款及第二十三條第五項所定重大之公共設施或公用事業計畫，其認定標準，由中央主管機關定之。
第 43 條
政府應整合現有國土資源相關研究機構，推動國土規劃研究；必要時，得經整合後指定國家級國土規劃研究專責之法人或機構。
第 44 條
中央主管機關應設置國土永續發展基金；其基金來源如下：
一、使用許可案件所收取之國土保育費。
二、政府循預算程序之撥款。
三、自來水事業機構附徵之一定比率費用。
四、電力事業機構附徵之一定比率費用。
五、違反本法罰鍰之一定比率提撥。
六、民間捐贈。
七、本基金孳息收入。
八、其他收入。
前項第二款政府之撥款，自本法施行之日起，中央主管機關應視國土計畫檢討變更情形逐年編列預算移撥，於本法施行後十年，移撥總額不得低於新臺幣五百億元。第三款及第四款來源，自本法施行後第十一年起適用。
第一項第三款至第五款，其附徵項目、一定比率之計算方式、繳交時間、期限與程序及其他相關事項之辦法，由中央主管機關定之。
國土永續發展基金之用途如下：
一、依本法規定辦理之補償所需支出。
二、國土之規劃研究、調查及土地利用之監測。
三、依第一項第五款來源補助直轄市、縣（市）主管機關辦理違規查處及支應民眾檢舉獎勵。
四、其他國土保育事項。
第 45 條
中央主管機關應於本法施行後二年內，公告實施全國國土計畫。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關應於全國國土計畫公告實施後三年內，依中央主管機關指定之日期，一併公告實施直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫；並於直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫公告實施後四年內，依中央主管機關指定之日期，一併公告國土功能分區圖。
直轄市、縣（市）主管機關依前項公告國土功能分區圖之日起，區域計畫法不再適用。
第 46 條
本法施行細則，由中央主管機關定之。
第 47 條
本法施行日期，由行政院於本法公布後一年內定之。
本法修正條文自公布日施行。
